Whatever happened to
integrated public transport?
I
recall this lofty aim from the 1970s as being something I thought of
as a brilliant idea. Little did I know that UK politics would soon
head in exactly the opposite direction via Bus Deregulation in 1986
and Rail Privatisation in 1993.
 |
A Merseyrail train on the Ormskirk Line
|
I’m
not sure what those behind these two Acts of Parliament actually
wanted to achieve (other than to save money, of course) but driven by
political dogma what they actually achieved was pretty much
anti-everything integrated public transport, as buses and trains were
put in competition. But we were told that market forces would lead to
better transportation. Well, that didn’t happen because the real
objective was little more than cutting government transport costs, whilst
favouring the private car. Yes, there have been some limited
successes with rail but it has led to a fragmented railway with huge
costs still requiring big government subsidies. In my humble opinion
had British Rail been modernised and enabled to be successful like
most other developed public transport systems across the world (USA &
Canada being notable exceptions) we would now have a much better
railway and decent bus services.
Moving
on, the fact that each railway operator in the UK procures their own
trains means that the costs must be higher than having a coherent
large scale purchasing process with all the associated economies.
Why, one set of trains purchased not so long ago by TransPennine
Express has been parked in sidings and is now unused!
Passengers
not being able to use tickets bought from one operator on a
competitors train also mitigates against use of the railway system
and don’t get me started on the myriad of tickets available via
differing operators.
Bus
deregulation, which was interestingly not imposed on London, has
likewise been pretty much an unmitigated disaster with the number of
bus routes dropping pretty much every year, not least because of
austerity. And of course we’ve continued to developed car-centric
communities where to get anywhere you need to have a car.
The
logic of running poor quality public transport services and thereby
forcing many to own and maintain highly expensive cars, who otherwise
would not need to have them, has long beaten me. Our roads are so
congested and every new road built leads to more traffic rather than
solutions to traffic jams that by-passes etc. are meant to achieve.
Plus, people who really can’t afford to run cars pretty much have
to have one making their household budgets stretch too far.
In
1980, as a someone new to politics, I listened to the former Liberal
MP David Alton talk about integrated public transport and indeed the
need for local public transport to be free. I was sure he was right
then and I’m damn sure he was right as we move into 2025, but as
I’ve already said just after hearing his views integrated public
transport was pretty much abandoned in favour of the private car.
Of
course, having created the myth that if we all have cars
transportation will be far more convenient etc. how do we change
direction, as we surely must do, to recreate what we once used –
buses, trams and trains? Folks like their cars, they believe that
with more road building congestion will be sorted out, when the
opposite is true. They’ve moved further away from where they work
allowing for long driving times to get to their place of employment
in their own car. Doing that journey by public transport could well
be all but impossible. Now, significant numbers work from home much
of the time thereby changing travelling habits, yet our roads are
still choked with traffic.
Trams
have returned to some UK cities but probably with the exception of
Greater Manchester the lines are far too limited, Nottingham being an
example of a city requiring significantly more lines for Nottingham
Express Transit (NET) to really be effective in reducing car usage.
Merseyside
and Tyne and Wear have redeveloped old railway lines and have
significant Metro-type systems but they are not as extensive as they
need to be. Merseyside for example desperately needs to extend its
Merseyrail system to places such as Preston, Wigan, Wrexham, and
Liverpool Airport and its main Station, Liverpool Central is very
much at capacity and can’t really cope with greater passenger
numbers.
And
what about buses? Each year routes across the UK shrink, they’re
too infrequent (even non-existent in rural areas) and buses, of
course, get stuck in traffic jams too. I was struck, and not in a
good way, by an ‘idea’ from the Liverpool City Region Mayor
during 2024 to introduce ‘Gliders’. They’d actually be buses
made to look like trams! Such a timid ‘solution’ for Merseyside
brought with it rather too many public laughs and little backing
you’ll not be surprised to hear. In my world, buses should be very
much integrated with trains and often feeders to rail services.
In
my own Merseyside community we have circular community buses that
link with one of our local railway stations but the buses don’t
meet every train and often they seem to leave the station just as a
train is pulling in! And surely such buses should be electric as they
follow shortish regular routes. Oh, and yes of course Mr Alton, they
should be free to get on as passengers using them, other than
pensioners, have to pay twice to use the bus and then the train
meaning the joint cost mitigates against jumping on them in the first
place. In turn, locals who would use them just get their car out and
even run a car they may not otherwise even need in joined up
transportation world!
Our
new government is taking some tentative steps in the right direction
but sadly with no money in their/our piggy bank to make a significant
impacts. Our stalled economy is at odds with the likes of the Irish
Republic, for example, where public transport ambitions (and the
money to pay for them) are significant indeed. We have to be
optimistic and keep pushing a sustainable transport agenda because
more road vehicles really are putting us on the road to ruin.